Comparison of erosion control products using an ASTM D6459 rainfall simulator: Insights and suggestions

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Authors
Manning, Christy
Faulkner, Brian
Donald, Wesley N.
Perez, Michael A.
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Issue Date
2023-08-01
Type
Article
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Citation
Manning, C., Faulkner, B., Donald Wesley, N., & Perez Michael, A. (2023). Comparison of Erosion Control Products Using an ASTM D6459 Rainfall Simulator: Insights and Suggestions. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 149(8), 04023017. https://doi.org/10.1061/JIDEDH.IRENG-9935
Abstract

This study used a large-scale ASTM International D6459 rainfall simulator to evaluate performance of various types of erosion control products used in construction. Rolled erosion control products (RECPs), hydraulic erosion control products (HECPs), and soil amendments were tested and compared based on Cover factor (C factor), a parameter between 0 and 1 where 0 represents perfect erosion protection and 1 represents bare soil. All products behaved statistically similarly at the lowest rainfall intensity [5.1 cm/h (2 in./h)] with an average C factor of 0.03. At the next intensity of 10.2 cm/h (4 in./h), RECPs had significantly lower C factors than HECPs (0.11 and 0.41, respectively). Among the HECPs, Type 2 had worse C factors than other products, but all deteriorated at the highest 15.2 cm/h (6 in./h) intensity, reaching an average C factor of 0.48. Most (88%) products met their industry minimum specifications at the lowest rainfall intensity, but only 25% met them by the highest intensity. The soil amendments did not have published C factors, so their performance was compared to traditional products. Gypsum statistically matched the RECPs while Polyacrylamide (PAM) statistically matched the HECPs. Preliminary testing was performed on thee straw applications, but due to sampling differences only a soil loss ratio, or simple ratio of soil lost on the bare plot to soil lost on the treated plots, was calculated. A cost estimate obtained though local professionals revealed that the straw treatments appeared to be the most economical in terms of total dollars spent per reduction in sediment loss, and that the cost of premium hydraulic mulches did not appear to translate into improved performance. This study is useful because large-scale simulations more accurately reflect field erosion performance, but they are seldom performed due to time and cost considerations. In addition, varying intensities revealed performance differentiations, many product types were compared, and using an industry standard allows for confident comparison to other results.

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Publisher
American Society of Civil Engineers
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Series
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 149, No. 8
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DOI
ISSN
0402-3017
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