Assessing Over-the-Counter hearing aids and their benefits for persons with listening difficulties: A pilot study
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INTRODUCTION: Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD) is a subcategory of Listening Difficulties (LiD). These are conditions in which a person has normal to near-normal hearing sensitivity but experience problems understanding spoken language. Studies have shown low gain amplification to be beneficial for these individuals. Despite potential benefits, people with LiD/CAPD may be unable to rationalize spending thousands of dollars, and an audiologist may be uncomfortable prescribing expensive hearing aids to someone with normal auditory sensitivity. As of October 2022, Americans are able to purchase Over-the-Counter (OTC) hearing aids online without medical examination or fitting by an audiologist. OTC hearing aids provide gain for mild to moderate hearing losses only. Therefore, these devices may be beneficial to someone with LiD/CAPD by providing an improved signal-to-noise ratio at a lower cost. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether OTC hearing aids provide benefit for people with LiD/CAPD, and to compare reported differences/benefits from traditional hearing aids, OTCs, and personal sound amplification products (PSAPs). METHODS: Three adults diagnosed with LiD or CAPD wore four different hearing devices for two weeks at a time. For each set of devices, a diary was completed daily. Participants were not informed about which devices they were wearing. Data from pre- and post- questionnaires and hearing inventory results were descriptively and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Sound quality and perceived benefit were rated higher in typical environments as opposed to atypical environments. In both sound quality and perceived benefit, OTC Pair 1 and OTC Pair 2 were rated higher than traditional hearing aids and PSAPs. There was no statistically significant difference in sound quality or perceived benefit between OTC 1 and OTC 2, or between traditional hearing aids and PSAPs. CONCLUSION: These three participants are reporting that they receive benefit from OTC hearing aids. The data indicate that traditional hearing aids are not necessary for a person with normal audiometric thresholds, but who have difficulties listening especially in background noise. These findings allow audiologists to consider less expensive options for amplifying people with CAPD or LiD.
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Research completed in the Department of Audiology, College of Health Professions.
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v. 20

