Emergency incident detection from crowdsourced Waze data using Bayesian information fusion

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Authors
Senarath, Yasas
Nannapaneni, Saideep
Purohit, Hemant
Dubey, Abhishek
Advisors
Issue Date
2021-06-24
Type
Conference paper
Keywords
Emergency informatics , Bayesian theory , Information fusion , User-generated content , Uncertainty
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Citation
Senarath, Y., Nannapaneni, S., Purohit, H., & Dubey, A. (2020). Emergency incident detection from crowdsourced Waze data using Bayesian information fusion. Paper presented at the Proceedings - 2020 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, WI-IAT 2020, 187-194. doi:10.1109/WIIAT50758.2020.00029
Abstract

The number of emergencies have increased over the years with the growth in urbanization. This pattern has overwhelmed the emergency services with limited resources and demands the optimization of response processes. It is partly due to traditional reactive' approach of emergency services to collect data about incidents, where a source initiates a call to the emergency number (e.g., 911 in U.S.), delaying and limiting the potentially optimal response. Crowdsourcing platforms such as Waze provides an opportunity to develop a rapid, proactive' approach to collect data about incidents through crowd-generated observational reports. However, the reliability of reporting sources and spatio-temporal uncertainty of the reported incidents challenge the design of such a proactive approach. Thus, this paper presents a novel method for emergency incident detection using noisy crowdsourced Waze data. We propose a principled computational framework based on Bayesian theory to model the uncertainty in the reliability of crowd-generated reports and their integration across space and time to detect incidents. Extensive experiments using data collected from Waze and the official reported incidents in Nashville, Tenessee in the U.S. show our method can outperform strong baselines for both Fl-score and AUC. The application of this work provides an extensible framework to incorporate different noisy data sources for proactive incident detection to improve and optimize emergency response operations in our communities.

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IEEE
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2020 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT);
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