ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of current strength-based exercise in rural and regional populations of Central Queensland. The secondary aim was to examine the proportion of residents from various demographic groups who currently partake in strength-based exercise to allow for targeted strength training campaigns. DesignA cross-sectional, survey-based experimental design was followed. SettingRural and regional Australia. ParticipantsRural and regional community-dwelling individuals living in Central Queensland and aged 18 years and older. InterventionSurvey data was collected in October and November 2010 as part of the Central Queensland University Social Survey. Main outcome measuresStrength-based exercise participation, gender, age, income, years of education, self-reported physical activity and perception of health. ResultsParticipation in strength-based exercise was 13.2%. Women were less likely to partake in strength-based exercise than male, and 55 year old adults were less likely to partake in strength-based exercise than 18-34 year old adults. Participation in strength-based exercise was found to increase with years of education, self-reported physical activity and self-rated health. ConclusionThe prevalence of adults in rural and regional Central Queensland engaging in strength-based exercise is low. Exercise physiologists, clinicians and government officials must work together to ensure that this form of exercise is acknowledged as a vital component of health in rural and regional areas.