This paper is a result of author's attempt to reconcile her fieldwork experience with the current disciplinary and theoretical trends within the field of archaeology. Through an analysis of the history and development of American historical archaeology, this paper critically considers the limitations of the emergent specialization to projects such as the North Orkney Population History Project (NOPHP). Author argues that the NOPHP is a compelling example of the current trend in historical archaeology and that it represents the specialization's inevitable global orientation. Because the project pushes the boundaries of the narrow definition and geographical limitations of American historical archaeology, it can be utilized as an example of the specialization's relevance and application in increasingly global context.