We report cross-section measurements of the final-state muon kinematics for charged-current interactions in the NOvA near detector using an accumulated 8.09×10 protons on target in the NuMI beam. We present the results as a double-differential cross section in the observed outgoing muon energy and angle, as well as single-differential cross sections in the derived neutrino energy, , and square of the four-momentum transfer, . We compare the results to inclusive cross-section predictions from various neutrino event generators via calculations using a covariance matrix that accounts for bin-to-bin correlations of systematic uncertainties. These comparisons show a clear discrepancy between the data and each of the tested predictions at forward muon angle and low , indicating a missing suppression of the cross section in current neutrino-nucleus scattering models.