The Custodial Mental Illness Idology Scale (CMI) and the Opinions About Mental Illness Scale (OMI) were completed by 268 members of two community volunteer organizations in upstate New York. Responses to each instrument were then subjected to factor analysis. Important similarities and differences from original factor conceptions were apparent. OMI factors emerged which were clear duplication of the current Mental Hygiene Ideology and Interpersonal Etiology factors. Three other factors-Fearful Restrictiveness, Authoritarian Separatism, and Personal Inadequacy Orientation-emerged which deviated substantially from current OMI scoring. The CMI analysis showed Custodialism and Humanism still to be major attitudes tapped by that instrument, but these attitudes appeared to be separate factors rather than two poles of a single continuum. In addition, a third CMI factor, Paternalism, emerged. It was concluded that the OMI and CMI continue to be useful in assessing important and stable dimensions attitudes toward mental illness and treatment but that deviations in factor structure, as a result of time and/or subject differences, must be considered for best overall application of these instruments.