Overview of treatments for SARS-CoV-2
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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first recognized in Wuhan, China in December of 2019. Since then, it has spread to over 200 countries and was declared a pandemic by The World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11th, 2020. As of March 14, 2021, there have been 119,220,681 confirmed cases and 2,642,826 confirmed deaths worldwide with new cases being added every day. This pandemic is unlike anything healthcare providers of this generation have encountered as there are no standardized treatments and with a lack of clinical trials, it is difficult to practice evidence-based medicine. This project attempts to summarize the current literature on pharmacological treatments of SARS-CoV-2. For each treatment, the mechanism of action against SARS-CoV-2, the adverse effects, and the clinical impact of the drug will be discussed. Clinical impacts and adverse effects will be based on results from various clinical studies published and found on MEDLINE, CINAHL, or Cochran Library. Only studies with large sample sizes will be included. Early treatments included hydroxychloroquine, immune modulating therapies, convalescent plasma, and antivirals, some of which have fallen out of favor. More recent therapies include several monoclonal antibodies. Disease prevention via vaccines, and the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 adverse outcomes with the use of vitamins, steroids, anticoagulants, and antibiotics will also be discussed.
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Research completed in the Department of Physician Assistant, College of Health Professions
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v. 17