This study introduces the Early Adaptation Measure (EAM), an instrument for early prediction of treatment completion in residential treatment facilities. The EAM is based on clinicians' observations of clients' behaviors during the first six weeks of residence. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on EAM data collected on 266 residents of a residential treatment center serving male adolescents. The following six factors were extracted: Rule Conformant, Peer Conflict, Treatment Plan Endorser, Sociopathy, and Positive Attitude. Factor scores were computed for each youth on these factors, and a discriminant function analysis was performed on the data. Results of this analysis showed that the EAM has some ability to identify which boys will and will not complete treatment. The implications of using the EAM to improve treatment planning are discussed.