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Influence of negotiation and practice setting on salary disparities between male and female physician assistants
Hall, Brianne Hoelting, Tracy
Hall, Brianne
Hoelting, Tracy
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Abstract
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Authors
Hall, Brianne
Hoelting, Tracy
Hoelting, Tracy
Other Names
Location
Time Period
Advisors
Bequillard, Dan
Hale, LaDonna S.
Hale, LaDonna S.
Original Date
Digitization Date
Issue Date
2015-04-24
Type
Abstract
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Subjects (LCSH)
Citation
Hall, Brianne and Hoelting, Tracy. Influence of Negotiation and Practice Setting on Salary Disparities between Male and Female Physician Assistants. --In Proceedings: 11th Annual Symposium on Graduate Research and Scholarly Projects. Wichita, KS: Wichita State University, p. 51
Abstract
Background: The gender gap has been reported in many professions. Analyses of national salary
figures between male and female physician assistants (PAs) have been published. Starting salary
differences can have a compounded effect on one's lifetime career earnings as can number of
hours worked per week, years of experience, practice specialty, and location of practice setting
(rural vs urban). Evaluations of differences in practice settings and negotiation strategies on
starting salary outcomes and the role gender may play in these differences have not been fully
investigated. If gender is associated with willingness or likeliness to negotiate, use of more or
less effective negotiation strategies, or choice of practice setting, this could partly explain the
gender gap.
Purpose: Investigate associations between gender and willingness or likeliness to negotiate, use
of more or less effective negotiation strategies, choice of practice setting and salary.
Methods: A list of all registered active PAs licensed in KS and practicing in KS, MO, OK, CO,
or NB were obtained from the Kansas Board of Healing Arts (n=912); email address were
available for 437 of these. The survey asked direct questions regarding age, gender, years of
experience, hours worked per week, practice specialty/setting, community size, current salary
and benefits, and previous experience with negotiation. A 31-question, previously published,
validated, Likert scale survey was used to measure the likelihood of using different negotiation
strategies (collaborating, competing, compromising, accommodating, and avoiding). The study
was approved by the WSU IRB; completion of the survey indicated consent. Descriptive data are
reported as means, standard deviation, frequencies, and percentages. Data were analyzed using t-test, Chi-square and Spearman rank tests as appropriate.
Hypothesis Statement: Lower annual salary among PAs will be associated with female gender,
lower willingness and likeliness to negotiate salary, use of less effective negotiation strategies,
and choice of practice settings typically associated with lower salaries.
Benefits of Research: There is evidence that negotiation skills can be learned and practiced.
Assuming that awareness of one's willingness to negotiate or one's choice of negotiation
strategies can lead to the ability to change, the results of this study may support development of
education and training to reduce the gender salary gap. Currently practicing PAs and new
graduates may benefit from this knowledge and awareness through negotiation of economically
fair employment contracts regardless of gender and although this research is aimed at PAs,
results could be extrapolated to a number of other professions.
Table of Contents
Description
Presented to the 11th Annual Symposium on Graduate Research and Scholarly Projects (GRASP) held at the Heskett Center, Wichita State University, April 24, 2015.
Research completed at Department of Physician Assistant, College of Health Professions
Research completed at Department of Physician Assistant, College of Health Professions
Publisher
Wichita State University. Graduate School
Journal
Book Title
Series
GRASP
v.11
v.11