Advantages and disadvantages between allograft versus autograft in anterior cruciate ligament replacement

Abstract

As the number of ACL surgeries performed each year rise, giving patients a detailed look at their options for replacement is critical. To accomplish this, the best alternative of allograft or autograft, needs to be identified. A systematic literature review has been conducted on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Allograft vs. Autograft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) replacement.

Methodology: The purpose of this literature review is to determine whether there is an advantage to the use of an Allograft vs. Autograft in ACL replacement. Over twenty four peer reviewed articles were reviewed with a primary focus the graft donor site, specifically the patellar tendon and the hamstring tendon. Outcomes were evaluated in three to six month increments for up to five years.

Results: The literature review showed that there was very little statistical significance in the presence of pain, giving away, effusion, Lachman, and pivot shift results.

Conclusion: The main concern with Autograft was graft site morbidity. The main concern with Allograft was risk of disease transmission. The choice of Allograft vs. Autograft ultimately comes down to physician and patient preference.