Jacobian based power flow model for distribution network

Abstract

With the increase penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) at the distribution level, the possibility of having voltage abnormalities is high. The reason being is because of the intermittent nature of the renewable energy sources and the frequent change of the load at the costumer end. Research has been done in attempt to explore solutions to this problem and to make the voltage operate in the normal range. Some solutions consist of voltage regulators(VR) by line drop compensator(LDC)technique, capacitor banks(CBs), load tap changers (LTC), etc... Although those are good voltage controllers, they have some constraints that need to be addressed. For example, capacitor banks are costly, the excessive number of tap operations in LTC will shorten the life span of the transformers which are very expensive devices as well. One approach to addressing this problem is using AC power flow equations (ACPF) which will be further discussed in this paper. ACPF equations will be used to find the optimal distributed generators (DGs) output. Since ACPF equations are nonlinear, they are difficult to optimize. Therefore, Newton Raphson method is proposed in this thesis to assist in solving these equations.