How changing the inversion/eversion foot angle affects the nondriving intersegmental knee moments and the relative activation of the vastii muscles in cycling
Gregersen, Colin S. Hull, Maury L. Hakansson, Nils A.
Gregersen, Colin S.
Hull, Maury L.
Hakansson, Nils A.
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Original Date
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Issue Date
2005-12-19
Type
Article
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Keywords
Electromyography,Biomechanics,Biomedical measurement,Mechanoception,Bone
Subjects (LCSH)
Citation
Gregersen, C. S., Hull, M. L., and Hakansson, N. A. (December 19, 2005). "How Changing the Inversion/Eversion Foot Angle Affects the Nondriving Intersegmental Knee Moments and the Relative Activation of the Vastii Muscles in Cycling." ASME. J Biomech Eng. June 2006; 128(3): 391–398. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2193543
Abstract
Nondriving intersegmental knee moment components (i.e., varus/valgus and internal/external axial moments) are thought to be primarily responsible for the etiology of overuse knee injuries such as patellofermoral pain syndrome in cycling because of their relationship to muscular imbalances. However the relationship between these moments and muscle activity has not been studied. Thus the four primary objectives of this study were to test whether manipulating the inversion/eversion foot angle alters the varus/valgus knee moment (Objective 1) and axial knee moment (Objective 2) and to determine whether activation patterns of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO), vastus lateralis (VL), and tensor fascia latae (TFL) were affected by changes in the varus/valgus (Objective 3) and axial knee moments (Objective 4). To fulfill these objectives, pedal loads and lower limb kinematic data were collected from 15 subjects who pedaled with five randomly assigned inversion/eversion angles: 10 deg and 5 deg everted and inverted and (neutral). A previously described mathematical model was used to compute the nondriving intersegmental knee moments throughout the crank cycle. The excitations of the VMO, VL, and TFL muscles were measured with surface electromyography and the muscle activations were computed. On average, the 10-deg everted position decreased the peak varus moment by 55% and decreased the peak internal axial moment by 53% during the power stroke (crank cycle region where the knee moment is extensor). A correlation analysis revealed that the VMO/VL activation ratio increased significantly and the TFL activation decreased significantly as the varus moment decreased. For both the VMO/VL activation ratio and the TFL activation, a path analysis indicated that the varus/valgus moment was highly correlated to the axial moment but that the correlation between muscle activation and the varus moment was due primarily to the varus/valgus knee moment rather than the axial knee moment. The conclusion from these results is that everting the foot may be beneficial towards either preventing or ameliorating patellofemoral pain syndrome in cycling.
Table of Contents
Description
Published online: 2005-12-19. Published in issue: 2006-06.
Featured in Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, Issue Section: Joint/Whole Body
Featured in Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, Issue Section: Joint/Whole Body
Publisher
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Journal
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
Book Title
Series
Digital Collection
Finding Aid URL
Use and Reproduction
Archival Collection
PubMed ID
ISSN
0148-0731
1528-8951
1528-8951