Recent advances in salivary cancer diagnostics enabled by biosensors and bioelectronics
Mishra, Saswat Saadat, Darius Kwon, Ohjin Lee, Yongkuk Choi, Woon-Seop Kim, Jong-Hoon Yeo, Woon-Hong
Mishra, Saswat
Saadat, Darius
Kwon, Ohjin
Lee, Yongkuk
Choi, Woon-Seop
Kim, Jong-Hoon
Yeo, Woon-Hong
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2016-07-15
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Article
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Keywords
Salivary diagnostics,Cancer biomarkers,Biosensor,Bioelectronics
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Citation
Saswat Mishra, Darius Saadat, Ohjin Kwon, Yongkuk Lee, Woon-Seop Choi, Jong-Hoon Kim, Woon-Hong Yeo. Recent advances in salivary cancer diagnostics enabled by biosensors and bioelectronics, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Volume 81, 2016, Pages 181-197, ISSN 0956-5663, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2016.02.040.
Abstract
There is a high demand for a non-invasive, rapid, and highly accurate tool for disease diagnostics. Recently, saliva based diagnostics for the detection of specific biomarkers has drawn significant attention since the sample extraction is simple, cost-effective, and precise. Compared to blood, saliva contains a similar variety of DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites, and microbiota that can be compiled into a multiplex of cancer detection markers. The salivary diagnostic method holds great potential for early-stage cancer diagnostics without any complicated and expensive procedures. Here, we review various cancer biomarkers in saliva and compare the biomarkers efficacy with traditional diagnostics and state-of-the-art bioelectronics. We summarize biomarkers in four major groups: genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics/microbiota. Representative bioelectronic systems for each group are summarized based on various stages of a cancer. Systematic study of oxidative stress establishes the relationship between macromolecules and cancer biomarkers in saliva. We also introduce the most recent examples of salivary diagnostic electronics based on nanotechnologies that can offer rapid, yet highly accurate detection of biomarkers. A concluding section highlights areas of opportunity in the further development and applications of these technologies.
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Highlights
•This review summarizes salivary cancer biomarkers in four functional groups.
•Salivary biomarker detection holds great potential for early-stage cancer diagnosis.
•We review the most widely used biosensors and bioelectronics for cancer biomarkers.
•We discuss about recent in vivo biosensors for the use in salivary diagnostics.
Publisher
Elsevier
Journal
Biosensors and Bioelectronics
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ISSN
1873-4235
0956-5663
0956-5663