Risk and protective factors for depressive symptoms among American Indian older adults: adverse childhood experiences and social support
Roh, Soonhee Burnette, Catherine E. Lee, Kyoung Hag Lee, Yeon-Shim Easton, Scott D. Lawler, Michael J.
Roh, Soonhee
Burnette, Catherine E.
Lee, Kyoung Hag
Lee, Yeon-Shim
Easton, Scott D.
Lawler, Michael J.
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2015-04-03
Type
Article
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Keywords
Older adults,American Indians,Adverse childhood experiences,Risk and protective factors,Social support,Native Americans
Subjects (LCSH)
Citation
Roh, Soonhee; Burnette, Catherine E.; Lee, Kyoung Hag; Lee, Yeon-Shim; Easton, Scott D.; Lawler, Michael J. 2015. Risk and protective factors for depressive symptoms among American Indian older adults: adverse childhood experiences and social support. Aging & Mental Health, vol. 19:no. 4:pp 371-380
Abstract
Objectives: Despite efforts to promote health equity, many American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations, including older adults, experience elevated levels of depression. Although adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and social support are well-documented risk and protective factors for depression in the general population, little is known about AI/AN populations, especially older adults. The purpose of this study was to examine factors related to depression among a sample of AI older adults in the midwest.
Method: Data were collected using a self-administered survey completed by 233 AIs over the age of 50. The survey included standardized measures such as the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form, ACE Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Hierarchical multivariate regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the main hypotheses of the study.
Results: Two dimensions of ACE (i.e., childhood neglect, household dysfunction) were positively associated with depressive symptoms; social support was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Perceived health and living alone were also significant predictors.
Conclusion: ACE may play a significant role in depression among AI/AN across the life course and into old age. Social support offers a promising mechanism to bolster resilience among AI/AN older adults.
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Publisher
Taylor & Francis Group
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Series
Aging & Mental Health;v.19:no.4
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1360-7863