2006 WSU Annual CGRS Abstracts
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Item Towards an artistic synthesis of audio/video composition(2006-03-08) Wilson, SteveThe quest for innovation and experimentation in art is ongoing. The early electronic music explored by Babbitt, Stockhausen and others provided a new creative outlet for composers. Computers are now capable of real-time video manipulation, which, when combined with electronic sound synthesis, can create an exciting new mode of artistic expression. It is analogous to creating a film in real time, where the abstraction of music replaces the cinema's insistence on a traditional narrative. I intend to research audio manipulation techniques and how they can be combined with and applied to video. Audio manipulation effects, such as chorusing, flanging, and bit reduction, are quite common in sound synthesis, but are largely unexplored in video applications. I believe this could be a fertile area for artistic endeavor. Pure Data, a graphical programming environment, allows the composer detailed control and composition of aural and visual material. This program is an excellent tool for bringing these media together through sequencing or in a real-time environment. Also, it is particularly useful for the proposed research because it allows the user to build anything they can conceive. My project will consist of a composition demonstrating a coherent synthesis of audio and video by exploring the application of audio concepts to video. My work will take the form of a prerecorded composition as well as a real-time, interactive demonstration environment that illustrates the techniques developed for the project.Item Vocabulary strategies to help students remember definitions(2006-03-08) McGehee, Sandra BumpusThe goal of this study was to determine if a specific strategy designed to teach students vocabulary words would affect long term memory. Students should remember words even after the test. The students were members of a fifth grade reading class. The group, 13 students, was taught vocabulary for 3 weeks using one strategy and then 3 weeks using a different strategy. Long term evaluations were given 2 weeks after each week of initial instruction to evaluate long term memory. The latter strategy used research-based activities incorporating three different modalities. Research was supported because class averages increased by 20%. All students increased individual percentages except 1 student who maintained the same percentage.Item Quantum gates using a pulsed bias scheme(2006-03-08) Kumar, PreethikaWe present here a novel scheme to realize quantum gates by means of a pulsed bias. We show how a NOT gate (one qubit), a C-NOT gate (two qubits) and a Toffoli gate (three qubits) can be realized by clocking the bias on one of the qubits in the system. When the bias is kept high, a qubit will remain in the state it has been initialized to, according to the governing two-level Hamiltonian. We call this state a memory state. When the bias is clocked low, the two-level system oscillates between its two basis states. We call this state a transitional state. In all cases, we force one qubit in the system into a transitional state for a certain transitional time. With proper choice of parameters, bias, coupling and tunneling, we show in this talk how these quantum gates can be realized. The key to the C-NOT gate is to maintain the control qubit in a memory state while forcing the target qubit into a transitional state. This reduces the Hamiltonian to a two level system, where the frequency, amplitude, and offset of oscillation of the target qubit are functions of the state of the control qubit. The reduced Hamiltonian approach is then extended further to a Toffoli gate which has two control qubits and one target qubit.Item Report Rainbow United Inc, Autism Project: Spring 2004-2005(2006-03-08) Stiner, LanaA paucity of studies exist that examines the effects of the behavior modification approach for the treatment of autism using the following therapeutic treatments: Discrete Trial Training; Picture Exchange Communication program (PECS); Brain Gym; and Balance Auditory, Vision and Exercises program (Bal-A-Vis-X) on motor performance and imitation skills of children with autism. An exploratory study was performed by Rainbows United Inc. (RUI) based on a combination of these treatments (i.e., eclectic approach) which emphasizes blending the strengths of these intervention strategies to meet the individual needs of each child. Seven children (3-4 yrs) with autism participated in a 11-mos, 1-8 sessions/mos, 2 ½ hour therapy session program. The 150 minute therapy session began with 60 minutes of PECS , Brain Gym, and Bal-A-Vis-X. This was followed by eight, 10 minute sessions of the following therapy: occupational therapy, speech therapy, academic skills, work box, structure play, self care, artistic skills, and physical therapy. The eight, 10 minute therapy sessions were 1:1 (i.e., child with therapist) while the 60 minute sessions were group sessions (i.e., 3-7 children). Data analysis was done using percent changes. There were no consistent improvements demonstrated by the children. Indeed, the percent of completed attempts in imitation continued to cycle from high to low throughout the study.The varied amount of shortcomings in methodology were addressed focusing on inconsistencies in task selectivity, task frequency, and testing environment.Item Gene expression during the peri-folliculogenic period in the neonatal hamster ovary(2006-03-08) Bowser, Jessica Lynn; Srikanthan, Sowmya; Hendry, William J. III; May, Jeffrey V.Mammalian ovarian organogenesis is characterized temporally by oogonial mitosis, oogonial apoptosis, rescue of germ cells via interaction with somatic cells to form primordial follicles, and entrance into meiosis. Recent studies suggest that germ cells actively participate in these processes via production of local regulatory factors. GDF-9, a novel transforming growth factor-b family member, is expressed in ovaries of various species as a crucial factor in ovarian follicular development. The transcription factor GCNF, an orphan member of the nuclear receptor family, is a candidate in the regulation and development of the early mammalian ovary. GCNF appears to suppress expression of GDF-9 and Oct-4, a transcription factor restricted to stem cells including the germ cell line. Recently, our lab has become interested in the pattern of expression associated with GDF-9, GCNF, and Oct-4 pertaining to ovarian organogenesis and follicle formation in the neonatal hamster ovary. Consensus oligonucleotide primer pairs for GDF-9, GCNF, and Oct-4 were determined by analyzing gene sequences for human, mouse, rat, bovine and pig for use in the hamster. mRNA for these factors in the hamster ovary were detected by RT/PCR using total RNA at days 1, 3, 5, and 6-9 post delivery, reflecting periods of active oogonial mitosis, oogonial atresia, and primordial follicle formation. Reports have suggested that GCNF represses Oct-4 and GDF-9 in the oocyte and GDF-9 is not expressed in primordial follicles. Our results suggest GDF-9 expression in oogonia prior to and during primordial follicle formation, likely reflecting differential cellular expression of GDF-9/Oct-4 (oogonia/oocyte) and GCNF (somatic pre-granulosa cells).