Multivariate Experimental Clinical Research, v.6 no.3
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Journal of Multivariate Experimental Personality and Clinical Psychology, v.6 no.3 (complete version)(Wichita State University, Department of Psychology, 1983)Item Assessment of assertiveness in the intellectually handicapped(Wichita State University, Department of Psychology, 1983) Bramston, Paul; Snyder, Conrad W., Jr.; Leah, Judith A.; Law, Henry G.Earlier work in the structural analysis of self-reported difficulty in assertiveness had indicated that individuals differed in terms of a two-facet model - response type (positive vs. negative assertiveness) by referents (close vs distant interpersonal encounters). This study replicated the individual differences structure for an intellectually handicapped sample, thus extending the generalizability of that model. However, although the dimensions were found in three different methods of assessment, self-report, behavioral rating, and role play, little agreement was found between the methods in accounting for individual profiles. Additionally, there were hints that the four interaction dimensions of assertiveness might actually reflect different difficulty positions on a non-linear unidimensional scale of assertiveness. Using a Rasch model to derive the single scale, role play and self-report were significantly correlated in their assessments, but the correlation was not very great. It was hypothesized that method differences might reflect legitimately different perspectives of close-distant referent raters.Item Differential performance on attention and memory tasks as a function of personality in adolescent and adult outpatients: A multivariate approach(Wichita State University, Department of Psychology, 1983) Gabrys, John BernardEysenck's 'personality sphere' was examined in relation to performance measures of verbal and visual attention and memory in 200 male and female adolescent and adult outpatients. Factors, sex, age, and personality (Extraversion, Neuroticism) played a significant multivariate role in the performance of attention and memory tasks. In the second phase of this research, and following an exclusion of 90 'ambiverts', extreme scorers on Extraversion were further dichotomized about the mean score on Neuroticism. Multivariate tests suggested a significant role for sex, age, interaction between age and sex of subjects, Extraversion and Neuroticism, in the performance of attention and short-term memory tasks. The present findings for outpatients suggested that introversion and higher than average neuroticism tended to improve upon outpatients' attention efficiency and short-term memory whereas extraversion and low emotionality did not. Age and sex of subjects appeared to have interacted with personality in the differential performance of attention and memory tasks. The present findings for outpatients were related to findings of other researchers. The MMPI's clusters on emotionality (TSC PS) paralleled the Eysenckian measures of Extraversion and Neuroticism (JEPI, EPI) suggesting a possible redundancy of measures.Item Belief in a difficult world: The psychological adjustment component of internal-external locus of control(Wichita State University, Department of Psychology, 1983) Fleming, James S.; Courtney, Barbara E.Factor analytic studies of Rotter's I-E Scale suggest that locus of control is multidimensional, though little has been done to advance theory by making specialized predictions based on the separate dimensions. Lefcourt noted a paradox in the observation that externals are statistically higher in anxiety and other psychopathological indicators, given their perceived inability to change their negative circumstances. It was hypothesized that this paradox could be resolved by examining the relationships of the locus of control factors to measures of psychological adjustment. More particularly, it was predicted that Belief in a Difficult World--a factor identified by Collins-- would bear a significant relationship to the adjustment measures since this factor appeared to reflect a sense of alienation of fatalism. Collins' Difficult World factor and other factors were clearly identified in the present study. Adjustment measures included anxiety, depression, anomia, and self-esteem. As predicted, Belief in a Difficult World was substantially correlated with these measures, as was total score, whereas correlations of the other factors ranged from near zero to moderate in magnitude.Item Higher-order factor structure of Cattell's MAT and 8SQ(Wichita State University, Department of Psychology, 1983) Boyle, Gregory J.Previous research has failed to delineate adequately the higher-order factor structure of the Eight State Questionnaire (8SQ), and of the Motivation Analysis Test (MAT). Kline (1979, p.185) concluded that, "... there is considerable need for further investigaion... utilizing factorial procedures in accord with the technical demands which are listed... so that one can have confidence in the attainment of simple structure and the consequent psychological import of the results." In response to Kline's suggestion, the present study indicated two third-order 8SQ factors, and nine second-order MAT factors, on an Australian sample of 258 college students. Use of Cattell's Rotoplot program was shown to be a valid and useful analytic procedure. Findings are discussed and tentative labels are assigned to each higher-order factor.