PSY Research Publications
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Item A Tale of two Generations: Indian and Pakistani immigrant women's negotiation of femininity(American Psychological Association, 2024) Chaudhary, NabihaThis qualitative study examines the ways Indian and Pakistani immigrant women negotiate femininity across two generations in the United States. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 participants (10 mother-daughter dyads, representing two generations with age ranges 45-54 and 19-26, respectively). Data were analyzed using thematic narrative analysis. Findings show that immigrant mothers negotiate femininity by giving up on certain cultural values and practices to thrive in the United States. Whereas, the daughters negotiate femininity by forging cultural identities as they juggle different norms and expectations. The findings of this study have implications for informing therapy, relationship building activities, and creating inclusive social environments for immigrant women in the United States. © 2024 American Psychological AssociationItem Do concerns about police reporting vary by assault characteristics? Understanding the nonreporting decisions of sexual assault victims who utilize alternative reporting options(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2024-07-01) Goodman-Williams, Rachael; Volz, Jessica; Smith, SamanthaIntroduction: Forensic nurses routinely provide services to sexual assault victims who are uncertain about reporting their assault to police. The purpose of this study was to determine whether assault characteristics are related to the concerns about police reporting expressed by sexual assault victims who have forensic evidence collected but do not report their assault to police at that time. Methods: We analyzed medical records of patients who received services at a hospital-based forensic nursing program between 2010 and 2021. Records were included if a sexual assault evidence kit was collected, the patient declined to report the assault to police, and the patient completed a nonreport sexual assault evidence kit supplement form that included a question asking why they chose not to report the assault (N = 296). We qualitatively analyzed patients' reasons for not reporting the assault and then used two-variable case-ordered matrices and chi-square analyses to explore relationships between reasons for not reporting and assault characteristics. Results: Identified reasons for not reporting included lacking information about the assault, fear of harm/retaliation, and self-blame/minimization. Physical force, drug/alcohol consumption, and victim-offender relationship were related to patients referencing lacking information and fearing harm/retaliation as reasons for not reporting, but not related to the frequency of patients referencing self-blame/minimization. Implications: Results indicate that assault characteristics are related to reasons for not reporting at the time of the medical forensic examination. Being aware of these relationships may help forensic nurses provide patient-centered services and anticipatory guidance. Copyright © 2024 The Authors.Item Judgments of Difficulty (JODs) while observing an automated system support the Media Equation and Unique Agent Hypotheses(SAGE Publications Inc., 2024) Driggs, Jade; Vangsness, LisaObjective: We investigated how people used cues to make Judgments of Difficulty (JODs) while observing automation perform a task and when performing this task themselves. Background: Task difficulty is a factor affecting trust in automation; however, no research has explored how individuals make JODs when watching automation or whether these judgments are similar to or different from those made while watching humans. Lastly, it is unclear how cue use when observing automation differs as a function of experience. Method: The study involved a visual search task. Some participants performed the task first, then watched automation complete it. Others watched and then performed, and a third group alternated between performing and watching. After each trial, participants made a JOD by indicating if the task was easier or harder than before. Task difficulty randomly changed every five trials. Results: A Bayesian regression suggested that cue use is similar to and different from cue use while observing humans. For central cues, support for the UAH was bounded by experience: those who performed the task first underweighted central cues when making JODs, relative to their counterparts in a previous study involving humans. For peripheral cues, support for the MEH was unequivocal and participants weighted cues similarly across observation sources. Conclusion: People weighted cues similar to and different from when they watched automation perform a task relative to when they watched humans, supporting the Media Equation and Unique Agent Hypotheses. Application: This study adds to a growing understanding of judgments in human-human and human-automation interactions. © 2024 Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.Item Providing faculty-to-faculty support: Moving the needle forward in service-learning from limited exposure to implementing a campuswide program(University of Georgia, 2024) Lewis, Rhonda K.; Redger-Marquardt, Chelsea B.; Fischer, KaraThe benefits of service-learning have been well documented in the literature in terms of student outcomes (i.e., increasing retention rates). The purpose of this article was to gather the experiences of faculty who participated in the Service-Learning Faculty Scholars program, a faculty development program designed to infuse service-learning into their courses and across campus at a midsized university in the Midwest. Faculty participated in a faculty cohort model. Listening sessions were held to gather faculty input, and a total of seven faculty participated. Participants were asked a series of open-ended questions. After a thematic analysis of the data, several themes emerged: service-learning competency/development, challenges, cohort effect, scholar experience, program-level support/resources and training, student experiences, community partner relationships, and faculty reflections on course design. Limitations and future research are discussed. © 2024 by the University of Georgia. eISSN 2164-8212Item The effect of illumination on the visibility of steps and ramps for people with low vision(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2024) Lei, Quan; Gage, Rachel; Kersten, Daniel; Legge, Gordon E.SIGNIFICANCE: Poor visibility of indoor features such as steps and ramps can pose mobility hazards for people with low vision. For purposes of architectural design, it is important to understand how design parameters such as the illumination level of an indoor space affect the visibility of steps and ramps. PURPOSE: This study was aimed to examine the effect of typical variation in photopic illumination level in an indoor space on the visibility of steps and ramps for individuals with low vision. METHODS: Steps and ramps were constructed in a large windowless room illuminated by overhead lights. Subjects with low vision completed a 5-alternative forced choice task to recognize the targets at three levels of photopic illumination, i.e., 800, 80, and 8 lux, and gave confidence ratings about their judgments on a 5-point scale. Acuities and contrast sensitivities of the subjects were also measured at each illumination level. For comparison, a group of normally sighted subjects with simulated acuity reduction also completed the step-and-ramp recognition task. RESULTS: For both groups of subjects, recognition accuracy was not affected by illumination level. For subjects with low vision, however, there was a significant effect of illumination level on confidence rating: subjects became more confident about their judgments with increasing illumination. There was also a weak effect of illumination level on acuity and contrast sensitivity, both worsening with decreasing illumination. Recognition performance was best predicted by contrast sensitivity, whereas confidence was best predicted by visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Illumination variation over a typical photopic range in an indoor space had minimal effect on the objective visibility of steps and ramps for people with low vision. However, illumination level affected subjects' confidence in hazard recognition. Design decisions on parameters such as illumination should consider the consequences on both the objective and the subjective accessibility of a space. Copyright © 2024 American Academy of Optometry.