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Item Singing women and the "Woman Question" in the Czech lands(Taylor and Francis, 2024) St. Pierre, KellyMusic was deeply tied to the women’s emancipation movement in the Czech lands. The Americký klub dam (American Woman’s Club, or “AKD”), founded in Prague in 1865 and named for its inspiration from the women’s emancipation movement in the USA, regularly performed choral works from their self-published songbook. Similarly, Vesna, originally founded as a women’s choir in Brno in 1870, organised their advocacy specifically around musical activities, including regular “musical evenings” with composers and the occasional commission of new works for female chorus. This chapter examines the musical activities and compositions of these women’s organisations-as well as the musical writings of some of their most prominent members like Eliška Krásnohorská-to illuminate the ways music operated not just as a platform for women’s voices during the era, but also as a unique tool for sounding their complexities. Ultimately, such an examination reveals the unique roles of sound within a movement uniquely dependent upon sound, giving voice to constructions of a supposed “ideal woman” as well as illuminating the movement’s economic impacts. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Anja Bunzel and Christopher Campo-Bowen; individual chapters, the contributors.Item Jazz guitar technique handbook: Compendium of scales, arpeggios, & chord voicings(Wichita State University, 2021) Flynn, WilliamItem The effects of varying melodic intervals in melodic intonation therapy for persons with aphasia(Routledge, 2022-06-26) Darland, Kylie; O’Bryan, Erin; Richburg, Cynthia M.; Bernstorf, ElaineBackground Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) is an evidence-based treatment for persons with non-fluent aphasia. The contribution of rhythm within MIT has been frequently studied, though little research has been completed to determine the role melodic intervals play in this therapy. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of melodic intervals on the efficacy of MIT by using two different melodic intervals to intone target phrases: the consonant minor third and the dissonant tritone. These researchers hypothesized that participants would have greater success in therapy when phrases were intoned on the minor third due to the interval’s familiarity and perceived pleasantness as opposed to the unfamiliar and perceptually unpleasant tritone. Methods & Procedures Using a single-subject, multiple-baseline design, two participants with expressive aphasia were exposed to phrases intoned on both intervals while participating in MIT across eight weeks. Spoken probe phrases were elicited and quantitatively scored on intelligibility prior to, during, and after treatment to measure progress made for phrases intoned on each interval. An effect size was calculated for each interval using a formula created for single-subject, multiple baseline aphasia research studies (Beeson & Robey, 2006). Outcome & Results The effect size of the tritone was greater than the effect size of the minor third for both participants: this was contrary to the researchers’ hypothesis. Due to COVID-19, treatment was completed via teletherapy, the first time this method has been used to conduct an MIT treatment study. It was determined that MIT provided in this format resulted in improvement in trained phrases. Conclusion This research suggests that contrary to the MIT protocol, therapy may be more efficacious if phrases are sung using dissonant or unfamiliar melodic intervals rather than pleasant, familiar intervals. However, generalization of this study is restricted due to several limitations. Further research should be completed to evaluate the effects of various intervals within MIT and the complex interaction between rhythm and pitch.Item Cueing refrains in the medieval conductus(Taylor & Francis, 2018-10-05) Caldwell, Mary ChannenAs lyrical refrain forms flourished beginning in the twelfth century and increased attention was paid to the mise en page of song in manuscript sources, scribes faced the dilemma of how to cue frequent repetition of poetry and music. Owing to a lack of shared conventions among these scribes, the signalling of repetition varied greatly among sources, the resulting inconsistencies furnishing what Ardis Butterfield calls glimpses of scribal thinking'. Nowhere is this more evident than in approaches to notating the Latin refrain, a structural feature in a range of genres and an inexact yet related parallel to the French refrain. I argue in this article that the graphic treatment of refrains in Latin song exposes assumptions that both scribes and performers made about form, genre and the realization of song in performance. Attending to the visual cueing of refrains clarifies textual and musical ambiguities arising from the simultaneously oral, written and performative milieu within which Latin song was cultivated and disseminated.Item Chapter 5 -- Redefining music literacy common core to common score(Routledge, 2017) Oare, Steve R.; Bernstorf, Elaine; Giray, SelimThis book examines contemporary issues in music teaching and learning throughout the lifespan, illuminating an emerging nexus of trends shaping modern research in music education. In the past, most music learning opportunities and research were focused upon the pre-adult population. Yet, music education occurs throughout the lifespan, from birth until death, emerging not only through traditional formal ensembles and courses, but increasingly through informal settings as well. This book challenges previous assumptions in music education and offers theoretical perspectives that can guide contemporary research and practice.