PHT Faculty Publications

Permanent URI for this collection

Browse

Recent Submissions

Now showing 1 - 5 of 70
  • Item
    Effects of Verbal and Tactile Cues on Gluteal Force Production and Broad Jump Distance
    (North American Sports Medicine Institute, 2024) Lehecka, B.J.; Daniels, Terra; Koester, Bryson; Kropp, Wyatt; Reeves, Matthew; Waterson, Ryan
    Background Verbal and tactile cues can increase muscle activity, force production, and kinematics. Several studies demonstrate the effects of verbal and tactile cues on upper extremity muscles, while relatively few examined lower extremity muscles, specifically the gluteals. Studies that observed changes in gluteal function from verbal and tactile cues examined muscle activity via electromyography rather than force production or functional activities such as jumping. Purpose The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of verbal and tactile cues on gluteal force production and broad jump distance. Study Design Cross-Sectional cohort Methods Gluteus maximus force production and broad jump distance were tested in forty-two healthy male and female university students at baseline and after verbal and tactile cues given in random order. Gluteus maximus force was measured using handheld dynamometry and reported in kilograms. Verbal cues included "push, push, push" before both tests. The examiner provided tactile cues to the gluteus maximus before force production testing, and the participant provided tactile cues to both gluteus maximus muscles before performing the broad jump. Performance on the broad jump was measured in centimeters. Descriptive statistics and test-retest reliability via Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated, differences in performance between sexes were analyzed with an independent t-test, and changes in force production and jump distance from baseline were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA. Results Mean gluteus maximus force production following verbal cues significantly increased (p = 0.000) by 13.48% (3.83 kg) compared to the control condition, while gluteal force production following the tactile cues was not significantly different. Broad jump distance following the verbal cues significantly increased (p = 0.000) 3.99% (7.71 cm) compared to the control condition and significantly increased (p = 0.000) by 2.95% (5.71 cm) following the tactile cues. There were no significant differences in performances between males and females. The test-retest reliability of all measurements was 0.97-0.99. Conclusion Verbal cues significantly increased gluteus maximus force production and broad jump distance. Tactile cues significantly increased broad jump distance but had no significant effect on gluteus maximus force. These results have implications for clinical testing and athletic performance when gluteus maximus force and jump distance are concerned. © The Author(s).
  • Item
    Hip and Trunk Variables in University Students with and without Recurrent Low Back Pain
    (North American Sports Medicine Institute, 2024-02) Lehecka, B.J.; Burleson, Jordin; Diederich, Paige; Salem, Morgan; Schoonover, Rachel; Tejano, Jason
    Background Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability. Recurrent low back pain (rLBP) is defined as two or more episodes of LBP in a 12-month period, each lasting more than 24 hours and separated by at least one pain-free month. Many studies have shown that hip and trunk variables have an influence on LBP. However, most of these are studies of participants with acute or chronic LBP rather than rLBP. Purpose To examine the difference between hip and trunk variables of university students with and without rLBP. Study Design Cross-Sectional Methods Participants with and without rLBP between 18 and 35 years of age not currently undergoing clinical orthopedic care were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Bilateral hip range of motion (ROM) and trunk ROM were measured with a goniometer or measuring tape (hip motions in all planes along with trunk flexion, extension, and lateral flexion). Strength of the hip extensors, abductors, and external rotators was measured using a handheld dynamometer, and a single-leg bridge endurance test was performed to assess differences and correlations between outcomes. Results Twenty-six subjects aged 18 to 35 years with rLBP (n=10) and without rLBP (n=16) participated. Statistically significant differences between the two groups were found for right and left hip flexion (p = 0.029 and 0.039, respectively), right hip adduction (p = 0.043), and right hip extension (p = 0.021). No significant differences were found between groups for strength, endurance, or other ROM measures. Conclusion The findings of this study show statistically significant although clinically non-meaningful differences in hip flexion, extension, and adduction ROM in the rLBP group compared to the control group. This lack of clinically meaningful difference may be relevant to testing procedures and treatment of patients or athletes with rLBP. This study also suggests that hip strength and endurance may not play a major role in the development or treatment of rLBP. Level of Evidence: 3.
  • Item
    Dental hygiene clinical faculty attitudes and likelihood of working during the COVID-19 pandemic
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023-09) Delacruz, Natalie M.; Anderson, Kelly L.; Smith, Barbara S.
    Objective: To identify circumstances that influenced dental hygiene clinical faculty's likelihood of working during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to explore attitudes (responsibilities, personal issues, ethics, and policy statements) about working. Methods: This cross-sectional study used a purposive sample of dental hygienists (n = 1710) employed in academic clinical settings that held full-time, part-time, or adjunct appointments. The Health Care Workers' Attitudes to Working During a Pandemic survey was utilized. Likelihood scores were calculated based on respondents more or less likely to work under differing circumstances. Frequencies of agreement for attitudes were developed. Correlations were explored between likelihood scores and demographic data. Answers to the open-ended questions were categorized and described. Results: The response rate was 13.5% (225/1710). Only one-third of respondents had a likelihood score of 100%. Factors with the greatest impact on likelihood to work were personal protective equipment. Almost all respondents' attitudes of working indicated that their employer is responsible for providing PPE. Over 90% felt their main responsibility was to themselves/family. Correlation analyses resulted in no significant associations between likelihood scores and age, etc. Faculty are considering leaving their jobs because of pay cuts and/or not feeling safe. Conclusion: Likelihood of working for dental hygiene faculty represents several personal and ethical decisions. Most respondents want employers to be responsible for their on-the-job safety. In addition, personal and work-related issues were causes of unease. The pandemic has had far-reaching implications on day-to-day work of dental hygiene clinical faculty as well as on the long-term trajectories and views on employment in higher education.
  • Item
    Child Interest Activity Plan (CIAP): An Implementation Driver to Bridge the Research to Practice Gap in Early Childhood Intervention
    (SAGE Publications Inc, 2022-05-14) Davis, Frances A.; Sexton, Sarah; Everhart, Kris; Shelden, M'Lisa
    [No abstract available]
  • Item
    Association of muscular strength with total and central adiposity in adolescents with intellectual disability
    (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2022-09-20) Bertapelli, Fabio; Pitetti, Kenneth H.; Guerra-Junior, Gil
    Background It has been established that for youth without disabilities, muscular strength (MS) is negatively associated with total and central adiposity. However, this relationship has not been clearly established for youth with intellectual disability (ID). The purpose of this study was to examine the association of MS with total and central adiposity in adolescents with ID. Method Participants were 59 adolescents (40 males and 19 females: age 16.29 ± 1.66 years) with ID. Total and central adiposity were evaluated with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, waist circumference (WC), and conicity index (C-index). MS was evaluated with the score on the Bruininks?Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (range, 0 to 42, with higher scores indicating better performance). Sex-specific maturity offset equations were used to evaluate somatic maturity. Spearman's correlation coefficients and sequential multiple regression were used to examine associations between MS and adiposity. Results Muscular strength score was negatively associated with BMI (sr = ?0.32; P < 0.05), percent body fat (%BF; total, trunk, android and gynoid regions) (sr = ?0.51 to ?0.58; P < 0.01), and android-to-gynoid fat ratio (sr = ?0.29; P < 0.05). After control for somatic maturity and sex, regression analysis indicated that MS score explained 10%?17% of the variance in BMI, BMI z-score, %BF (total, trunk, android and gynoid regions), WC, C-index and android-to-gynoid fat ratio. Conclusions These findings suggest that MS is associated with DXA- and anthropometric-determined total and central adiposity among adolescents with ID.